The last three months of pregnancy is an important time that requires mothers to prepare physically and mentally for their baby. In this article, pgddttramtau.edu.vn will introduce to you in detail the safest and most scientific way to take care of a pregnant woman for nearly 3 months.
Changes in the fetus and pregnant women in the last 3 months
Before starting to learn about health care measures for pregnant women in the last 3 months, we need to understand the development of the fetus and the physiological and psychological changes of pregnant women during this period.
Changes in pregnant women in the past 3 months
Entering the third trimester, the changes on the pregnant mother’s body are increasingly obvious. Typically, the mother’s belly is getting bigger and bigger due to the growing weight and size of the fetus.
The enlarged abdomen causes the chest to lean back, the shoulders to sag, and the spine to move forward to keep the body balanced. Followed by the pressure of the fetus on the spine, pregnant women in the last 3 months often feel back pain and fatigue.
Curved, burgundy, or pink stretch marks on the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, or breasts are common in most pregnant women. In addition, women in the last 3 months of pregnancy often experience symptoms such as numbness in the legs, varicose veins, edema of the legs / arms or Braxton Hicks contractions that are more frequent and intense.
As the due date approaches, pregnant women must also watch for signs of change, such as clear or slightly bloody vaginal discharge. This detail can be a sign that the cervix is starting to dilate, preparing for labor. In some cases, you will see water coming out of the vaginal area, which is the rupture of membranes and needs to be done immediately to get the baby out.
In terms of weight, pregnant women in the last 3 months can gain 0.2-0.5kg per week. Total weight from conception to birth will increase about 11-15kg, in some cases even more. The weight you gain during pregnancy includes the weight of your baby, placenta, amniotic fluid, blood volume, body fluids, and breast tissue.
Fetal development in the last 3 months
Along with the changes of the pregnant mother, there is also the continuous development and perfection of the fetus in the last three months of pregnancy. At birth, the baby can reach weight from 2.7 – 5 kg and length from 38 – 53 cm.
At 36 weeks of pregnancy, the fetal head begins to move into the pelvic region, where it rests for the last 2 weeks. At the same time, the organs and parts of the baby’s body continue to develop, especially the brain, which develops extremely quickly.
At this stage, the fetus can see, hear and perform actions such as sucking fingers, kicking feet… Therefore, the mother can communicate with the fetus, forming an emotional bond, helping the baby feel feel more comfortable.
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How to take care of pregnant women in the last 3 months
The third trimester is the time when the fetus completes the development of all organs and parts of the body, waiting for the day of birth. Therefore, pregnant women in the last 3 months need to pay special attention to their diet and activities to keep the fetus healthy.
Milestones to note in the last 3 months of pregnancy
In the last 3 months of pregnancy, pregnant women need to pay attention to regular antenatal checkups to ensure that the fetus is healthy and develops normally. Important milestones for antenatal care in the last 3 months are as follows:
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Pregnancy 28-32 weeks: 1-2 times.
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Pregnancy 32 to 36 weeks: Periodic examination every 2 weeks.
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From the 36th to the 39th week of pregnancy: visit once a week.
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After 39 weeks: Routine antenatal check-up every 2 days.
The purposes of these antenatal visits are: echocardiogram, fetal growth check, uterine height measurement, abdominal circumference. During antenatal visits at 32-36 weeks, pregnant women will also have a urinalysis to screen for gestational diabetes and a tetanus shot.
The second tetanus vaccine will be given 1 month before the due date. In some cases, it is necessary to perform a stress release test as prescribed by a doctor. Additionally, you may need a pelvic X-ray and a color ultrasound during the third trimester.
Pregnant mothers need to remember the schedule of regular antenatal checkups in the last 3 months to understand the development of the baby. At the same time, through the results of the antenatal check-up, the doctors will give appropriate advice on the signs of labor to help the pregnant mother best prepare for the birth.
Note the diet of pregnant women 3 months ago
Obstetricians and gynecologists said that if providing good nutrition to the fetus in the last three months, there will be outstanding physical and brain development. Therefore, taking care of the last 3 months of pregnancy in the daily diet is extremely important.
Foods to eat in the last 3 months of pregnancy
To help pregnant women have enough nutrients to nourish the fetus, we should choose foods rich in protein, calcium, essential vitamins and minerals as follows:
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Eggs: Eggs contain choline, which can maintain cell function and form memory for the fetus.
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Salmon: This is a very rich food with nutrients such as protein, potassium, vitamin D… good for the development of the baby’s brain and body.
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Nuts such as almonds, cashews, chestnuts, walnuts, etc. contain a lot of protein, fiber and good fats for the health of mother and baby.
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Green vegetables and fruits: are a rich source of vitamin C, which helps support the production of collagen in the body, strengthens resistance, and protects the mother from pathogens harmful to health. In addition, this is also a rich source of fiber, which helps prevent and effectively treat constipation during pregnancy.
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Milk: Milk contains protein, calcium, iron, vitamin D and other nutrients that help mother and baby have strong bones, develop well, reduce the risk of osteoporosis after birth.
Foods to avoid during the last 3 months of pregnancy
Pregnant women in the last 3 months should pay attention to the foods that affect their health in addition to the foods they should eat. Here are the foods to avoid during the third trimester:
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Spicy, greasy foods: Fried foods often contain a lot of fat, often eaten with spicy and sour spices, which can easily cause heartburn, indigestion, affecting the sleep of pregnant women.
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Foods high in sodium: such as chips, sauces, pickles, canned goods, etc. Foods high in sodium can cause bloating in pregnant women. Therefore, pregnant women should stay away from these foods and drink plenty of water to balance sodium in the body.
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Carbonated and caffeinated drinks: These drinks contain a lot of artificial sweeteners. Their use can increase the risk of gestational diabetes and life-threatening pregnancy complications for both mother and baby.
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Alcohol, beer, tobacco …: these are all stimulants that can cause the uterus to contract leading to premature labor. In addition, these substances can cause many dangerous diseases for the fetus, especially respiratory diseases.
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Junk food: During pregnancy, most pregnant women crave snacks. However, choosing unhealthy foods such as fried chicken, hamburgers, etc. will affect pregnancy health. Instead, mothers can choose nutritious snacks such as nuts, bread, cereals, etc. to eat weaning.
Good lifestyle for nearly 3 months pregnant
To take good care of the health of pregnant women in the last 3 months, in addition to nutrition, pregnant women must also pay attention to exercise. However, only practice with moderate intensity, the exercise should be gentle so as not to lose strength. Experts recommend some exercises for pregnant women in the last 3 months such as yoga, Kegel exercises or walking… to help tone the pelvic floor muscles.
Standing or sitting for a long time can cause dizziness, fainting, very dangerous for pregnant women, especially those who often wear high heels. Therefore, pregnant women need to pay attention to exercise, exercise appropriately, wear low-soled shoes to ensure safety. When you feel tired, sit or lie down and relax.
In addition, pregnant women in the last 3 months of pregnancy should go to the toilet in time when feeling fecal impact to avoid urine leakage. Limit drinking water at night before going to bed, reduce the number of times to go to the toilet at night, affecting good sleep.
Things to avoid in the third trimester of pregnancy
For the conditioning of the last 3 months of pregnancy, in addition to paying attention to the benefits, you must also pay attention to the contraindications. This is to minimize the risk of adverse effects on the unborn baby. Because this is a very sensitive time, even a very small negative impact can cause a pregnant mother to give birth prematurely.
Things to avoid during the third trimester of pregnancy include:
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Sex life: Pregnant women who are in poor health and have a history of miscarriage should not have sex in the last 3 months to avoid affecting the fetus.
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Long distance travel: Long distance travel in the last months of pregnancy can cause pain, even miscarriage or premature birth.
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Self-driving: Women in the last 3 months of pregnancy often experience dizziness, so driving by yourself is very dangerous.
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Wear dark underwear: Dark underwear can make it difficult to track vaginal discharge. Therefore, when amniotic fluid leakage, infection, bleeding … is difficult to detect and handle promptly.
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Eating salty foods: Eating salty foods is one of the causes of high blood pressure, preeclampsia, water retention, extremity edema and poor absorption of nutrients from the mother.
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Eating a lot of sweets: Sweets are a negative factor in causing gestational diabetes, which can lead to many dangerous complications for both mother and baby. Therefore, not only the last 3 months but also during pregnancy, pregnant women should also limit eating sweets.
The sleeping position of pregnant women 3 months ago is correct
Entering the last 3 months of pregnancy, the pregnant belly has grown a lot. Therefore, pregnant women need to pay attention to the appropriate lying position to have a good sleep without affecting the fetus.
According to experts, the best sleeping position for pregnant women in the first 3 months is lying on the left side, the left leg is straight and the right leg is slightly bent.
At the same time, pregnant women should lie on their back, stomach or right side. To help sleep better, pregnant women can put pillows or soft blankets on the abdomen and back. At the same time, choose spacious pajamas that will not make your mother feel uncomfortable or lose sleep.
When do you need to go to the hospital in the last 3 months of pregnancy?
In the last 3 months of pregnancy, a pregnant woman can give birth at any time. To ensure the safety of both mother and baby, as soon as postpartum mothers detect the following abnormal signs, they should go to the maternity hospital as soon as possible:
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Stomach hurts more and more
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Pain and burning when urinating
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Vaginal bleeding
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Fetal movement little or no
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pregnant women often dizzy
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gaining too much or too little weight
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Flushing or leaking amniotic fluid is seen early.
Expert advice for pregnant women in the last 3 months
In addition to the important knowledge of taking care of pregnant women in the last 3 months of pregnancy above, experts also give the following tips:
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Pregnant women in the third trimester should attend antenatal classes to better understand the problems that can arise during labor. From there, you can be more proactive in solving problems and preventing risks in all situations.
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Find and choose a quality and reputable home birth service
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Prepare personal belongings and items for mother and baby when giving birth, ready to “go through labor” at any time.
In summary, through this article, we have understood in detail the knowledge of pregnant women 3 months ago. pgddttramtau.edu.vn wishes that every pregnant woman has the best health and welcomes the baby smoothly and safely.
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